Torah Tidbit

Parashah Vayikra (and he called), Leviticus 1:1 – 5:26

God calls out, from within the tabernacle, to Moses and then instructs Moses on acceptable offerings and how to perform them.  

“He called to Moses and Hashem spoke to him from the Tent of Meeting, saying:  Speak to the Children of Israel and say to them: When a man amount you brings an offering to Hashem: from animals – from the cattle or from the flock shall you bring your offering.”  – Leviticus 1:1-2

Walking the Walk

These verses play and turn on variations of the root word kar (kuf-resh):

1. Calling out to someone – kara (kuf resh aleph) – interrupting someone’s direction so that they draw near to you instead.  In this case, God asking Moses to approach Him.
2. Brings – karav (kuf resh bet) – instead of the normal verb for taking or carrying something, this is the word for drawing close to something.  The implication is that in bringing the offering one appreciates the animal and its representation of the giver’s intentions. 
3. Offering – karban (kuf resh bet nun) – this isn’t a present or gift, as the word “offering” implies.  Nor is this a “sacrifice”, which implies giving up of something typically dear to the giver.  Instead, note by its spelling, the karban represents the one who wants to draw close (karav) to Hashem.  

That’s the primary intention of the sacrifices – drawing closer to HaShem. These are done after repentance, surviving crises, or just plain thankful for all the blessings He provides.  Thus these are only done in a state of joy.  The experience is then taken back to the real world and helps with making one’s life better align with His expectations (commandments).  

These “offering” services have absolutely nothing to do with appeasing an angry vengeful god through the taking of life.  Invariably the assumption creeps in that one can manipulate the god through the giving of the right sacrifices – much like Baalam instructing Balak so that Baalam will hear from God.  This is the opposite with God – HE is unmovable, unshakeable, unchangeable, the rock and shelter.  We draw close to Him and His expectations – not the other way around.

As a side note, kar (kuf resh) is used for what appear to be “chance” meetings – drawing together without any intention to do so.  However, we should be careful to not consider any occurrence to be by chance, correct?  Every moment of our lives is carefully crafted by the Creator for our best benefit.

Have a great week!

Torah Tidbit

Parashahs Ki Sisa (when you count)  Exodus 30:11 – 34:35 

God concludes His instructions for building the tabernacle, appoints craftsman by name to lead the project and creates the two tablets containing the Ten Commandments.  Meanwhile down below in the camp the Israelites go off the rails by building and worshiping a golden calf as their new intermediary between them and God.  Moses crashes the party and the tablets, eliminates the ringleaders and argues/prays with God over 40 days to forgive Israel.  Israel as well repents during that time and at the end, God inscribes a second set of tablets that Moses first carves out from rock.  

“They have strayed quickly from the way that I have commanded them.  They have made themselves a molten calf, prostrated themselves to it and sacrificed to it, and they said, ’This is your god, O Israel, which bought you up from the land of Egypt.’” – Exodus 32:8

Walking the Walk

How in the world could a peoples, who had experienced so many major nationwide laws-of-science suspended miracles, including God talking to all of them, fall prey so quickly to the seemingly ludicrous activity of worshipping a statue instead of the Infinite One?

In times past, mankind had an intense desire towards idolatry.  All things have their opposite balance in this world, so the stronger the positive draw towards the Infinite Eternal One, the stronger the negative draw to the opposite – a physical (not infinite and not eternal) being that can be immediately comprehended with our normal intellect.  The Talmud relates that at the time of the Second Temple the Jewish sages cried “uncle” to God and asked that this desire be diminished.  Their prayers were answered so well that now we can’t comprehend such idolatrous desires – but we also can’t comprehend the stronger desire towards God as well.

However, aspects of idolatry are still alive and well in our time.  Even those who deny the existence and demands of a Creator, are invariably betrayed by their souls and attempt to strive towards the Divine.  However, their striving is corrupted as it works through their intellects, causing them to adopt surrogate “gods” and “religions”  Amazingly enough, the scientific community, after two centuries of actively promoting humanism, is now turning more popular hypotheses and theories into issues of belief, guilt, fear and repentance.  Those who disagree are called “unbelievers” and are actively driven out of scientific communities.  

For the Noahide, the laws against idolatry help develop an awareness and resistance to these still alluring distractions.  In general, these Noahide laws match those of the Jew, both in nature of prohibitions and punishments.  It all boils down to several simple concepts:

– Don’t worship anything that has physical form, including things made to represent the infinite.  God is infinite and non-physical.  Anything physical takes us away from that hard-to-grasp concept.

– To count as worship, there has to be physical action – bowing to, praying to, giving offerings, etc. – Although only believing (but not doing any actions) that such Gods exist is more or less permissible, it is discouraged nonetheless.

Torah Tidbit

Parashah Tetzaveh (shall command), Exodus  27:20 – 30:10 

God describes to Moses the priests’ uniforms they are to wear while on duty and how the priests are to be ordained into their tabernacle duties.

“…you shall take them from their hands and cause it to go up in smoke on the Altar, on the burnt-offering, as a satisfying aroma before Hashem; it is a fire/burnt-offering to Hashem.” – Exodus 29:25

Walking the Walk

The tabernacle, its contents and the priestly activities provide a spiritual focal point for both the nation of Israel and its individual members.  The nation, inspired and guided by the tabernacle activities, improves its ways of working in the world, which will in turn encourage the nation to seek more inspiration and guidance from these activities.  

Although sacrifices get most of the attention for tabernacle activities, they are empty and dark if the participants have not properly prepared themselves first in prayer.  As the oft quoted statement from Isaiah, “My house shall be called a house of prayer for all peoples”.  Sacrifices are for inspiring one to renew his efforts in living a life more in accord with God’s ways.  That requires prayer at all stages – before recommitting, during the recommitment ceremony, and much more prayer after returning back home to the “hum-drum” of normal life routines.  In fact, this recommitment can be achieved at any time, by any human, without the need for sacrifices.  Thus David, when repenting of his sin with Bathsheba, said:

“O Lord, open my lips, that my mouth may declare Your praise.  For You do not desire a sacrifice, else I would give it; a burnt offering You do not want.  The sacrifices Gd desires are a broken spirit; a heart broken and humbled, O God, You will not despise.” – Psalm 51:18-19

Prayer is not one of the seven Noahide laws.  However, we know full well it makes sense to do and brings us positive benefits in this world.  And this is exactly what a great majority of the Jewish sages say as well.  So we too can apply this principle to any activity, whether Jewish or otherwise, to help determine if it brings spiritual benefits to us and those around us:

1.  Does it makes sense?  Does it have a logical reason behind it?

2.  Does it benefit the person performing it and/or the society around them?

From Rotary International

For Rotary, The Four-Way Test is the cornerstone of all action. It has been for years, and it will be in the future. Of the things we think, say or do:

            • Is it the TRUTH?

            • Is it FAIR to all concerned?

            • Will it build GOODWILL and BETTER FRIENDSHIPS?

            • Will it be BENEFICIAL to all concerned?

Have a great week!

Torah Tidbit

Parashah Terumah (portion), Exodus  25:1 – 27:19 

God commands Moses and Israel to build a tabernacle, describing the furnishings, structure and surrounding courtyard.

You shall make two Cherubim of gold – hammered out shall you make them – from both ends of the Cover…..The Cherubim shall be with wings spread upward sheltering the Cover with their wings with their faces toward one another; toward the Cover shall be the faces of the Cherubim.. – Exodus 25:18, 20

Walking the Walk

Cheribum show up several times in the Bible – guarding and preserving (but not blocking) the way to the tree of life; “bearing” God as He swoops in to help David (Psalms); standing guard outside of the holy of holies in the first temple (I Kings); and Tyre’s cherub-like protecting of Israel (Ezeikel).  On the ark of the covenant they act as both protectors of the tablets that testify of God’s commandments and “bearers” of God’s glory.

These cherubim present an unmistakable lesson for Israel.  The more Israel draws together to guard (through both study and implementation) God’s ways of living, the more Israel becomes “bearers” of God’s glory in this world.  

Similarly God has given the Noahides a set of commandments – expressions of how He wants us to act and live in this world – to guard and in so doing, carry with us some of His presence.  Prayer and action are part of how we learn from Him, while these statements of His expectations draw boundaries and yet open up vast fields of opportunity for new ways of truly living full lives in this topsy turvy world.  As we continuously cycle through the three principles of talking to Him, studying His ways and then acting upon these principles, we bear more of His light and life within and around ourselves.  

This mission remains the same regardless of the upheavals of society and government around us.  Yes, these are trying times, but we have yet to endure anything close to what Israel has continuously endured through the ages – rises and falls of empires, pogroms, ghettos, burnings, exiles, inquisitions.  Yet here they are today, a dedicated remnant still vibrant, still ever fresh, ever renewing themselves and working towards a closer walk with Him.  Thank God that He has placed us in this place and time, to seize the opportunities to help bear His presence in this world. 

From the Sages

Shimon the Righteous was among the survivors of the Great Assembly (last of prophets at start of second temple).  He used to say: The world depends on three things – on Torah study, on the service (temple services and prayer) and on kind deeds.  – Ethics of the Fathers

Torah Tidbit

Parashah Beshelach (in his sending out), Exodus 13:17 – 17:16 

Pharaoh chases after Israel and washes out.  Israel expresses its new comprehension of God’s ways (song), then resumes the trek into the desert.  Israel whines for food, God buries them in quail, then daily delivers manna.  Israel cries out for water, God has a small river flow out of a big rock.  Amalek attacks, is repulsed and Israel is to always remember their existence will naturally push back against the attitude Amalek exemplifies.

Hashem said to Moses, “Why do you cry out to Me?  Speak to the Children of Israel and let them journey forth!  And you – lift up your staff and stretch out your arm over the sea and split it: and the Children of Israel shall come into the midst of the sea on dry land.  And I – behold! –  I shall strengthen the heart of Egypt and they will come after them, and I will be glorified through Pharaoh and through his entire army, through his chariots and through is horsemen.”    – Exodus 14:15-18

Walking the Walk

The Israelites were pinned with their back and a side against the wall, the sea on the other side and Egypt closing in for a frontal assault.  God purposely led them to this position to both tempt Pharaoh to attack and then destroy his army.  However all of this could only happen because Israel had now begun earnestly growing an active relationship with God.  They had passively received most of the plagues, but starting with the 10th plague (firstborn), God required them to take action before the miracle would be accomplished.  To walk out of Egypt into the desert was itself an incredible step in growing towards Him, but here was a new opportunity.

There are several moving parts to this miracle and God sounds a bit like a quarterback in the huddle calling out the play, getting everyone involved in the miracle – “Israel!  You break right and go straight into the sea.  Moses!  You break just left of center up that rock, lift your staff and split the sea.  I’ll push the line forward and hold (no penalties for holding in this play) the army and then let them follow you into the sea.  Break!!”

Moses communicates the plan to the leaders, the leaders move the people towards the sea, God moves the cloud pillar to the rear and Moses lifts his staff.  But nothing happens.  The sea isn’t parting and the Israelites stand frozen on the shore.  Painful moments of quiet dread slowly mount up when Nachshon of Judah strides forward into the sea, his body disappearing with each step, doing exactly what God directed.  Just as his chin disappears into the water, the sea suddenly explodes back from him, revealing 12 huge valleys of water, one for each tribe to walk in.  

And so goes our relationships with God, if they’re healthy.  Continually cycling between mental growth (prayer, study, contemplation) and physical action (improving how we live our lives), both aspects feeding growth in the other.  

From the Founding Fathers

In the beginning of the Contest with Great Britain, when we were sensible of danger we had daily prayer in this room for the divine protection. Our prayers, Sir, were heard, and they were graciously answered. All of us who were engaged in the struggle must have observed frequent instances of a Superintending providence in our favor. To that kind providence we owe this happy opportunity of consulting in peace on the means of establishing our future national felicity. And have we now forgotten that powerful friend? I have lived, Sir, a long time, and the longer I live, the more convincing proofs I see of this truth- that God governs in the affairs of men. – Benjamin Franklin at the Constitutional Convention

No people ought to feel greater obligations to celebrate the goodness of the Great Disposer of Events and of the Destiny of Nations than the people of the United States…And to the same Divine Author of Every Good and Perfect Gift we are indebted for all those privileges and advantages, religious as well as civil, which are so richly enjoyed in this favored land. – James Madison, 1815

Torah Tidbit

Parashah Bo (come), Exodus 10:1 – 13:16 

God performs the 8th and 9th plagues and Moses visits Pharaoh for the last time.  God instructs Israel (through Moses and Aaron) about preparing for a hasty departure from Egypt, the festival cycle beginning with passover, performing passover and feast of unleavened bread.  God performs the last plague (death of the firstborn), Egypt drives Israel out and God instructs Israel about sanctifying the first born.

“Hashem said to Moses, ‘Come to Pharaoh, for I have made his heart and the heart of his servants stubborn so that I can put these signs of Mine in his midst; and so that you may relate in the ears of your son and your son’s son that I made a mockery of Egypt and My signs that I placed among them – that you may know that I am Hashem.’ … Hashem said to Moses:  ‘Pharaoh will not heed you, so that My wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.’ “  Exodus 10:1-2, 11:9

Walking the Walk

This is quite the process to take Israel out of Egypt – recruit a leader from the desert, then ten cycles of pharaoh “let my people go”, pharaoh says no, hit Egypt with a plague, rinse and repeat.  These events transpire over a full year.  And if all goes well Israel has at least two months of walking to get to the land of Canaan.

Why did God bother with all of this?  He can do whatever He wants.  He could have sent all the rhinos and elephants from Africa to wreak havoc, then have them gently carry the Israelites out of Egypt.  Or blow in a gazillion magic carpets, freeze the Egyptians in place, and whisk Israel straight to their promised whole new world.  Better yet, He could have opened time/space portals in front of each Israelite to step through and poof! they’re in the land of Canaan.  And you Lord of the Rings nerds, why oh why didn’t those eagles just carry Frodo and Sam to mount doom in the first place?  

God states why – that you may know that I am Hashem.  These wonders strikingly demonstrate that not only can God suspend or overrule the laws of nature, but that He controls the laws of nature. (thanks, R. Hirsch!).  Yet even if we witness such amazing events, we can’t immediately absorb all of their lessons and then make big sudden changes in our attitudes and behaviors.  Rather, He designed us such that we best accomplish significant and lasting change through small decisions made day after day.  Even though the Israelites and Egyptians enjoyed a year’s subscription to the wonder-of-the-month club, digesting the lessons from these wonders and applying the lessons to daily life choices takes much much longer – for those that chose to do so, Pharaoh being a notable example.  But as they made changes, their awareness of how God works in the world increased as well.  So much so that there’s always a part of Israel that clings tenaciously to a life built around God’s ways.

Of course we’re no different.  And we don’t need outright wonders to make the same changes and grow our awareness of God.  We have plenty of resources to draw upon.  It’s just a question of if we will take the time to make change happen.  It starts with carving out regular time to spend with Him, just as we do with anyone else we care about in our lives.  Don’t wait, make it happen today, even if it’s for just a few minutes.  Start growing your awareness of God working in your life.

From the Jewish Sages

“I envy Pharaoh!  What glorification of the Name of God did his stubbornness beget!” – Rabbi Levi Yitzhak of Berditchev

Have a great week!

Torah Tidbit

Parashah Vayechi (And he lived), Genesis 47:28 – 50:26

Jacob and all his family settle in Egypt.  Jacob blesses his sons and grandsons, providing some glimpses into the far future.  Jacob dies and is buried with Leah back in the land of Canaan.  Joseph and the brothers live in relative comfort and unity, seeing several generations of descendants.

Joseph’s brothers perceived that their father was dead, and they said, “Perhaps Joseph will nurse hatred against us and then he will surely repay us all the evil the we did him.”….But Joseph said to them, “Fear not, for am I instead of God?  Although you intended me harm, God intended it for good: in order to accomplish – it is as clear as this day – that a vast people be kept alive.” – Genesis 50:15,19-20.

Walking the Walk

After Jacob’s passing, the brothers noticed that they weren’t meeting as often with Joseph, which naturally happens after the parents, who provide a glue for the children, have left this world (R Hirsch).  The new situation revives the old fears of Joseph using his power to get his revenge on the brothers.  

However, Joseph’s response to his brothers’ plea for mercy is once again a wonderful example of emuna in action.  When comparing this response to the one on the day he revealed himself to them (45:4-11), some new perspectives are added:

– Am I instead of God?  – Joseph could have lashed out at the “sticks” (his brothers), but instead looked to and worked with the One wielding the sticks (God).  Had he acted in place of God, by naturally taking revenge on his brothers (which would not have been questioned by contemporary society), God’s plans would be disrupted and he would not perceive how miraculously God manipulates things to make all come to pass.  Joseph’s on-going use of emuna only strengthened his gratitude to his Creator and how insignificant he is in the sight of all that God does.  

– Although you intended harm, God used it for good – Shalom Arush reminds us throughout his book that we are all used as messengers – actors on a stage – delivering experiences to each other that, whether for good or harm, are orchestrated and then leveraged by God for our present and future growth.  

– it is as clear as this very day – The more we exercise emuna, the more we see God’s hand working in our lives and the world around us.  Over time, with enough consistent exercise, the evidence becomes overwhelming and irrefutable.  No great leaps of faith or fancy, but rather tiny baby steps of logical concrete observation and analysis, each step can be reviewed and compared with all those taken previously.

From Our Grandfathers

“In 1991 Pvt. Don Malarkey of Oregon wrote of the summer of 1942, ‘So this was the beginning of the most momentous experience of my life, as a member of E Company (101st Airborne Division, U.S. Army).  There is not a day that has passed since that I do not thank Adolf Hitler for allowing me to be associated with the most talented and inspiring group of men that I have ever known.’   Every member of Easy interviewed by this author for this book said something similar.”  – Band of Brothers, Stephen E. Ambrose

Torah Tidbit

Parashah Vayigash (And he approached), Genesis 44:18 – 47:27

Joseph reveals himself to his brothers, Jacob is revived, he and his whole family move to Egypt at government expense, the family settles in Goshen, Joseph relocates all citizens of Egypt and obligates all to Pharaoh, Jacob’s descendants become tied to the land of Egypt and its culture.

I am Joseph your brother…and now, be not distressed, nor reproach yourselves for having sold me here, for it was to be a provider that God sent me ahead of you. …God has sent me ahead of you to insure your survival in the land and to sustain you for a momentous deliverance.  And now:  It was not you who sent me here, but God; He has made me father to Pharaoh, master of his entire household, and ruler throughout the entire land of Egypt. – Genesis 45:4-8

Walking the Walk

As we develop our awareness of how God works in us and the world, we are occasionally rewarded with a clear understanding of how God used a bad situation to positively change many more things for the better later on.  So it is with Joseph in this weeks parahsah.  He had many years to build an incredible grudge and plan a great revenge against his brothers, but instead, thanks to his continual development of emuna, he was given the great pleasure and reward of seeing the family reunited in true brotherhood.  This brotherhood, which was all but lost when Joseph was sold into slavery, would have been all but impossible to restore at the time or for years to come.  However, thanks in great part to the years of separation, all brothers could work through their issues and be prepared to make full amends should the opportunity arise.

Not only that, Joseph was already well aware of how his forced exile in Egypt became a salvation to the people of Egypt and many others around the Fertile Crescent.

We have all had similar gifts of hindsight, but they’re often so easily forgotten.

From the Jewish Sages:

From the child you can learn three principles of service:

He is merry for no reason;

Never for a moment is he idle;

When he needs something, he demands it vigorously.

                – R. Dov Baer of Mezritch

Torah Tidbit

Mikietz (at the end), Genesis 41:1 – 44:17

Joseph is hurriedly rushed out of prison and after interpreting Pharoh’s dream becomes viceroy of Egypt.. Egypt preps for famine, famine arrives and Joseph’s brothers visit Egypt to buy food.  Joseph toys with the bros to see where their hearts lie – have they regretted their selling of Joseph and lying to papa Jacob?

Walking the Walk

We’ve all heard about someone who had been falsely convicted of a crime they didn’t commit.  How would we work through such difficult times, constrained in a sterile and cold facility, isolated from the world with no end in sight?  What would we do?  How would we not lose hope?  Read books?  Take up painting?  Curse the justice system?  Work on a tattoo collection?

Or would we dance and sing?  That’s what Joseph did.

Joseph fully embraced the mindset of Emuna, where everything God brings our way is for our ultimate good.  By accepting prison as a unique opportunity given from God, Joseph was then free to enjoy each day as it came. This concept isn’t limited to bible characters – Martiin Luther King and Mahatma Ghandi are two more contemporary examples of people who were thrown in prison unjustly and then took advantage of the prison time for moral and spiritual growth.

Are we dancing and singing much?  If not, why?  What’s our excuse?  We have it much better than Joseph had it in prison, how much more should we be dancing and singing to the Creator for the multitude of gifts He daily showers upon us.

Have a great week!

This past Thursday we delved into a puzzler in “The Garden of Emuna” by R. Arush – we must turn off the intellect to see God’s hand and wisdom in a tough situation, like a difficult boss.  By walking through the boss example, it became apparent that:

– Yes, we must simply accept that God is using the boss as a means for making us grow – we can’t logically convince ourselves to accept that perspective.  

– Once we have truly accepted that fact, the intellect then can be used for meaningful discussion with God to determine how we best perceive and approach the situation. 

“Do not rely on nobles, nor on a human being, for he holds no salvation.  When his spirit departs he returns to the earth, on that day his plans all perish.  Praiseworthy is the one whose help is Jacob’s God, whose hope is in Hashem, his God.” – Psalm 146

If we have discussed the issue sufficiently with God, we realize that:

– We should not appeal to the boss for relief – but God instead

– We have options other than indefinitely enduring the abuse

– We are empowered to courageously determine how we have contributed to the behavior and make changes; how we might adjust conditions we can control; and under what conditions we might leave the company or move to another place in the company.